USMCA / NAFTA

In one of his first acts after taking office, President Trump called for a renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with Canada and Mexico, which took effect January 1, 1994. On November 30, 2018, Trump, Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau, and Mexican President Peña Nieto signed the new United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) to replace NAFTA. All three countries' legislatures must ratify the agreement before it takes effect.

PIIE has conducted extensive research on NAFTA’s costs and benefits, and on the perils and opportunities presented by the new USMCA.

USMCA / NAFTA

Featured Content

The USMCA: New, Modestly Improved, but Still Costly

Five Flaws in the USMCA and How to Fix Them

For Mexico, Canada, and the United States, a Step Backwards on Trade and Investment

The End of NAFTA? What Policymakers Should Know

What Is NAFTA, and What Would Happen to US Trade without It?

Recent Content

USMCA Needs Democratic Votes: Will They Come Around?

Trade Talks Episode 82: How Big Is the USMCA? It's Uncertain

Trade Talks Episode 79: A President Explains Mexican Trade

What USTR Just Told Congress about the USMCA

Trade Talks Episode 66: Paul Krugman Talks Trade

Trump Can Push Congress on NAFTA, but Congress Can Push Back

Under the Hood, the USMCA Is a Downgrade for North America

The United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement: Overview and Outlook

Hold the Optimism! Slashing the US De Minimis Threshold Is a Step Backward

Higher De Minimis Thresholds: A Win in the USMCA